|
|
|
Index - Major Sections
Site Map
Product and Services _______________ Index - Same Level Subject
Index - Child Subjects |
IntroductionEducation consists of both the health care education of the population and the professional education of the health care workers. The Joint Commission (JCAHO) has stated that the root cause of as much as 90% of patient-related incidents is inadequate orientation and training of staff (Koerner, 2003)...and that is in the US! In addition to teaching clients about the services offered, clients should be taught when it is important to come into the health care organizations for services and when is not necessary to come into the clinic. Clients should be taught how they can care for themselves and recognize important personal health indicators. Health Care Workers do not have sufficient up-to-date training and lack reference materials to do their work. Since many of the young graduates are sent directly to rural area to do their residence, there is little opportunity for them to advance their education or to have anyone correct them if they make mistakes. In many cases, these physicians pick up very bad habits. Techniques
Healthcare Professionals All current medical information and best practices are made available to health care professionals. Each “screen” that is used by a health care professional has information specific to his needs and that is “recommended” by the medical committee. This reinforces staff training and makes compliance nearly 100%. Those individual Healthcare professionals that are in need of additional education may be recognized immediately and given the targeted help they need when they need it. This increases the skills levels of each professional at a lower cost of implementation. Education Staff Ensure that clinicians continuously update skills and techniques relevant to their clinical work. Teaching the user is reinforced every time the user uses the system. Ensure that clinicians participate in regular clinical audit and reviews of clinical services. Most Healthcare Professionals feel apprehensive about their ability to assimilate and process the information they encounter daily. The basic premise is to move away from healthcare professionals having to remember vast amounts of information, to a situation where healthcare professionals are able to identify problems, work out what knowledge they require to deal with those problems, and then seek out that information (GEHR,1995) "PickLists" of standardized choices will "jog" the Healthcare Professional memory. All selections are from evidence based medicine and practices. Navigation through the system is standards based and follow well design work-flow principles. Healthcare Professionals are taught not only "how" to collect the data but also "why" and "how to use the data" to manage the health of the individual and the organization. The Healthcare Professional by being supplied with readily available protocols can more easily learn as he or she interacts with the Healthcare Information System. Training costs are reduced and good practices are reinforced. All policy and procedure documentation can be updated immediately and cheaply. The InHCc HMIS system is build around standard screens where data entry follows best practice rules. This makes very intuitive and easy to learn.
Encourage
personal to analysis how and why they are doing something. By having the ability to access databases of medical records, they will be able to learn about diseases by comparing and contrasting similar cases. A simple query will return all cases with similar syndromes. From this point the Healthcare Professional can easily access clinical decision support systems and for bibliographic and knowledge links to World Bank, World Health Organization, UNICEF, Medline, and others. Healthcare Professionals can easily learn by "stimulating" treatments and diagnosis's based on real syndromes and real results of actual patients. By having the user see their mistakes immediately, he will soon learn to “look at” the data and determine for himself if the data looks correct before he enters it into the system. "Triggers" can be programmed to warn or to instruct the Healthcare Professional of certain conditions that need special attention. No Codes need to be learned. All menus will provide for easily to read instructions written in the user's own language and in the way that the user feels most comfortable. The lookup tables in the background will code all data into the standardized format. By having the ability to view the perform indicators of other managers, their themselves will be able to judge their own performance without a need to have face to face discussions. By having more complete data on patients and their needs, the Healthcare Professional will feel more confident in consulting their clients. All training can also be connected over the Web using
distant learning techniques. ManagementUpper level managers can "see" more clearly what is happening at the lower levels and are in a better position to provide training. By having a complete history of Healthcare Professionals "practical experience" additional experiences may be made available if needed. Continuing education can be provide to keep medical practices up-to-data. Example: WHO recommends that 50-60 pelvic examinations and 10-15 IUD insertions be performed to achieve competency in these procedures. By keeping a record of all procedures performed by the health care worker, education can be provided as needed. By being able to identify more easily those in need of education and their location, it is possible to create "clusters" with the educator going to the location that is most convenient for those Healthcare Professionals. By knowing the education and skills of each Health care Professional, cross-training can be provide by moving those workers who have a particular skill to those areas where the Healthcare Professionals may be in need of this training. Explore New Ways of
Information Dissemination
Data
can be made available to all that have access to the Internet.
Development
of Internet training courses will further provide for the dissemination of
information. A Home page can be developed and a listing of classes offered at
the Training Organization can be available as a Web page. It is expected that all publications for special audiences can be “on the Web.” This will give the Organization the ability to disseminate their information over a wider range, at a cheaper cost, and in a more timely manner. Improve Collaboration with Developing countries.The Internet has made possible what has never been
possible before; cheap and convenient information and education.
Since developing countries do not have the resources to fund scientists
and/or institutions to work in other developing countries, that training must
be taken to them. Servers will be used for dissemination of information and
to gather information from other developing countries. Data files, databases,
and graphic media can be passed easily and without costs between any two
collaborating researchers. Training can be provided for all in organization on how
to use Internet Services. Scientists will be able to keep up with the latest
technologies and research. This will provide for the generation of new ideas
and provide for keeping “in touch” with donor priorities. This will allow
the researcher to monitor important events, trends and services needed in any
country.
Evaluation of skill levels through "Observation"The only way that training skills have been evaluation up through today is through the observation of health care professional as she or he goes about their work…”maybe every year or so”; the so called “golden standard.” It is highly unlikely that this provides any useful information due to the ever present “Hawthorne effect.”
Some studies have shown that work levels will return to a base level after a few days of observation and thus this makes the “observation” a valid study.
The only way to effectively measure training skills is through monitoring long term actions of the individual HCP. The InHCc system measures the skills of each and every individual over all time and for every case.
Benefits:
Examples of Evaluation of skill levels by collecting "General Indicators"The only method of evaluating training skills is through the measurement of general “Indicators.” One well known program that uses this type of system is the indicators used by the IMCI program of the World Health Organization. These indications on a broad basis give an “idea” of the direction an organization is going, but gives nothing to management individual units. Examples are:
…Now exactly how, once these measurements are obtained, can they be used to provide management?
General indicators can be used to improve the overall health care by providing additional training where the indicators so indicate. But the questions that should be asked are: training for who, how much, what kind, when and where. Without this information, training will be extremely costly and probably ineffective.
Indicators can be effectively used but they need to be collected on a timely basis and they should be collected in sufficient detail that management can use them to effect changes. Client and Care giver Education (Places the emphasis on health education)The InHCc System has developed easy to use tools to provide the “correct” health education to the client. Education is included as one of the main components in the treatment plan and follow-up tools are provided. In addition to teaching clients about the services offered, clients are taught when it is important to come into the health care organizations for services and when is not necessary to come into the clinic. Clients are taught how they can care for themselves and recognize important personal health indicators. The InHCc system measures the actual change in health practices by evaluating the client’s risk factors over time. By analyzing the changes in risk factors as a function of the education given, educational programs can be modified or changed for the best results. Instead of only teaching clients about the services offered, which increases health care costs, the InHCc system measures the actual change in health practices by evaluating the clients risk factors over time, which decrease health care costs. Risk factors are evaluated and care plans can be developed in advance for each client.
|
|
|